The American Locomotive Company (ALCO) was formed in 1901 through the merger of seven smaller locomotive manufacturers with Schenectady Locomotive Engine Manufactory, with headquarters in Schenectady, New York. Samuel R. Callaway, former president of the New York Central Railroad, became president of ALCO. The company acquired the Locomotive and Machine Company of Montreal, Quebec in 1904, and Rogers Locomotive Works of Paterson, New Jersey in 1905. After World War II, ALCO closed all its manufacturing plants except those in Schenectady and Montreal. The company ceased locomotive manufacturing in the US in 1969, though Montreal Locomotive Works continued to make locomotives based on ALCO designs.